The Prison System - 1048 Words

Final Exam Essay Question #2 Question: Discuss the history of the prison system in the United States. Be sure to identify the various stages that the American prison system has gone through. Also identify what problems were present with each stage as you see them. Response: American prison system incarceration was not officially used as the main form of punishment in United States (U.S.) until around the 1800’s. Before that time criminals were mainly punished by public shaming, which involved punishments such as being whipped, or branded (HL, 2015). In fact, President Lincoln codified the prison incarceration system in the Emancipation Proclamation that indicated no slavery would take place in America unless a person was duly convicted of a crime (paraphrased) (White, 2015). In this era prisons were used more as a place where criminals could be detained until their trial date if afforded such an opportunity. However, one of the main problems with this idea was the fact that the prisons were badly maintained, which resulted in many people contracting fatal diseases. Yet, according to White (2015) unethical and immoral medical experiments were also conducted on inmates’ leading to health failures. Moreover, because everyone was detained i n the same prisons, adolescent offenders would have to share the same living space with adult felons, which became another serious problem in that adolescent were less mature and could not protect themselves in such environmentsShow MoreRelatedThe Prison System And The Prisons System Essay1258 Words   |  6 Pagesrealize how much prison affects someone. In the US the prison system is completely different than the prison system in Denmark. After watching Prison State, I didn’t really know what the pros were of our prison system. I saw more cons than pros. I was completely shocked by the way that Denmark runs their prison system. The video confused me a bit, so I did some research and found an article that I understood a little bit better about Denmark’s prison system. The US prison system is definitely moreRead MorePrison And The Prison System Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscouragement for humans is through the prison system. Because of this, these humans or inmates, are sentenced to spend a significant part of their life in a confined, small room. With that being said, the prison life can leave a remarkable toll on the inmates life in many different categories. The first and arguably most important comes in the form of mental health. Living in prison with have a great impact on the psychological part of your life. For example, The prison life is a very much different wayRead MorePrison System1495 Words   |  6 PagesPrison inmates, are some of the most maladjusted people in society. Most of the inmates have had too little discipline or too much, come from broken homes, and have no self-esteem. They are very insecure and are at war with themselves as well as with society (Szumski 20). Most inmates did not learn moral values or learn to foll ow everyday norms. Also, when most lawbreakers are labeled criminals they enter the phase of secondary deviance. They will admit they are criminals or believe it when theyRead MorePrison Authority And The Prison System947 Words   |  4 Pagesprisoners possess zero authority in the prison system. They have no control over any aspect of their daily lives, but instead they are minded by prison jurisdiction. Prison guards and wardens possess the power to do anything that they please within those brick walls. This is an issue that society has been aware of for many decades; however, there has been little to no effort to change the conditions. Many prisoners have sought to inform society of how these prison authority figures abuse their powerRead MoreThe Judicial System And Prison System1594 Words   |  7 Pagesare corrupt, how the police are corrupt, and how America’s whole legal system is uncontrolled. â€Å"I was innocent but was still jailed†; â€Å"the cops only ta rgeted me because I was black†; and â€Å"How am I to live after ten years of imprisonment†. There’s a need for a reformation or policy changes in how America handles the judicial system and prison system because, currently, it’s chaotic, unfair, and overwhelming. In the judicial system there have been many cases where people have done the same crime, butRead MoreFederal Prisons Systems1009 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Traditionally, state-controlled prisons have been taken to be more dangerous as compared to federal prison system because they always house more dangerous criminals. Some of the states like New York tend to have their inmates spend most of their time during their sentence in maximum security prisons; however, federal prisons apply lower level security prisons for longer duration of incarceration (recently). While state prison systems is meant to house criminal like rapists, murderRead MoreThe Prison System At Parchman1032 Words   |  5 PagesWorse than Slavery is a monograph that discusses Parchman Prison and gives various accounts of men and women who lived within the prison. Overall, Parchman was another way for white men to stay in charge and to keep black men oppressed. During this time, ninety percent of the prison population was African American. Although slavery had ended many years prior to the establishment of Parchman, it had many characteristics of slavery. The prison system at Parchman reflects themes of poverty, racism and reformRead MoreReforming Prisons : Reforming The Prison System Essay2140 Words   |  9 Pages Reforming our Prison System With the population of the United States prisons growing every day we need to evaluate if they are doing any good. Personally, I believe that we need to keep our prison system, but we need to take steps in reforming them rather than abolish them altogether. The United States has the highest number of incarcerated people than any other country in the world. We must sit down and look at other countries and see what they are doing different than the United States. In thisRead MoreThe Death Of The Prison System1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe prison system has seen huge changes from the American Colonel days to now. At first punishment was a way to inflict pain in suffering onto prisoners. By doing this it set an example to detour crime. Punishment throughout time has changed with the building of prison systems and labor being implemented. Today punishment is carried out much different than in the past. Punishment is way to keep order and discipline throughout society. Punishments focu s more now on rehabilitation then it does toRead MoreThe Punishment Of Prison System825 Words   |  4 Pages In principle, prison system plays important role in the society through reforming and punishing offenders sent to prison and preventing potential offenders. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of in prisoners in the US prisons system, because prison is used as the primary correction facility for offenders while ensuring justice to offended (Guerino 20). Prisons comprise of offenders who are above the county jail level. Further, inmates comprise of people from different

Computers the Greatest Invention of the Century

Many people consider the computer to be a once in a lifetime invention. Almost everywhere one goes and looks, there is always a computer. They are found in basically every household in America. It is such a powerful device that it changes the way people run their lives. The question is, are computers all good or are there some downfalls to this incredible gadget? In order to answer this question, it is best for one to know the history, components, careers, and the dark side of computers. There is no simple answer to the question, Who invented the computer? Many inventors, through the course of time have contributed to the invention of the computer. It is quite hard to pinpoint the first computer, but most scholars say the abacus†¦show more content†¦Computer software is the programs designed to perform a specific task. It works along with hardware to help the computer run. It is the opposite of computer hardware in that it is not physically tangible. There are two main different types of frequently used software. One is system software and the other is application software (Swedin and Ferro 40). The system software is commonly referred to as the operating system. All computers have an operating system. It is used for starting the computer and running all the application software, along with other things. Some common operating systems are Windows, Linux and Macintosh (40). Then there is the application software as mentioned before. Applications are computer programs that are designed for a specific task. Some typical examples of application software are word processors, media players and computer games (Swedin and Ferro 86). So all in all, computer hardware and software goes hand in hand in making the computer to be what it is today. Computers and the Internet are not going away any time soon. In fact computer careers are one of the fastest growing segments in the market right now. Everybody needs technology, everybody needs people that know how to make computers work and understands how it impacts the business (Abbott). It is true that many computer related jobs are going overseas, and most of those jobs are being taken byShow MoreRelatedInvention, Innovation, and Interdependence Essay1667 Words   |  7 Pages A strong and vibrant culture celebrates the spirit of invention and innovation. Closely allied with this concept is the spirit of entrepreneurship, considered one of the greatest qualities of the American culture. Americans laud the success of the inventor and salesman alike; while the greatest self-promoters are more fully remembered, the greatest minds are never truly forgotten. It is in the American society that the ideals of invention and innovation exist interdependently with the ideals ofRead MoreThe Internet Is The Greatest Invention Of The 20th Century977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Internet is the greatest invention of the 20th Century because it changed the course of humanity. It literally has impacted us all in very beneficial ways. The Internet is â€Å"a global communication network that allows almost all computers worldwide to connect and exchange information† (dictionary.com). It connects billions of devices worldwide. Why is the Internet so great? Well, it has for one thing impacted education in an enormous way. Education is now the fundamental skill for life. TheRead MoreThe Greatest Invention Of My Lifetime1480 Words   |  6 PagesThe word invention has been derive d from a Latin word â€Å"Invenire† meaning â€Å"discover†, so the word invention means to discover something unprecedented. Every human being has experienced some sort of invention in their life that has made their lives easier and they might consider that invention as the greatest invention of their life. I too have experienced a similar interest which I consider as the greatest invention of my lifetime mainly because it has made my life much easier, that invention is computerRead MoreScientific and Technological Progress726 Words   |  3 Pagesof people at the beginning of the 20th century. It has changed beyond recognition. Our ancestors hadnt the slightest idea of the trivial things created by the scientific progress that we use in our everyday life. I mean refrigerators, TV sets, computers, microwave ovens, radio telephones, what not. They would seem miracles to them that made our life easy, comfortable and pleasant. On the other hand, the great inventions of the beginning of the 20th century, I mean radio, airplanes, combustion andRead More Blogs - From Printing Press to Blog Essay1523 Words   |  7 Pageswebsite records his weekly musings and political rants, and it is one of several million to be updated on a regular basis. Such a website is called a blog, or web log, and in an age of the Internet such as this, it is quickly becoming the newest and greatest symbol of modern technologys impact on writing and popular culture. However, writing as we know it is the product of an evolutionary process, which provides for a history that reaches as far back as the clay tablets of ancient Sumer. As such,Read MoreHuman Intelligence And Artificial Intelligence1233 Words   |  5 PagesMore than often, we encounter the idea of computers becoming smarter and surpassing the human brain; opinions like these are accepted by the general public and are perceived skeptical by scientists, psychologists, and philosophers alike. The concern is not be tween machine and brain, but whether human ingenuity is as exceptional as or better than nature itself. The human being, a natural part of the world, has evolved from lower organisms to much higher, complex creatures; eventually the evolutionaryRead MoreThe Old English Proverb, Aesop For Children1178 Words   |  5 Pageslife’s accomplishments. Douglas Engelbart, largely known as the inventor of the mouse, affected the history of computing technology in a much deeper manner. Rather a chronological account of Engelbart’s entire life, this research paper analyzes his greatest accomplishments in a chronological order that directly supported the increased coordination of user’s efforts. Douglas Engelbart transcended the limits of computing technology by aligning human minds with computing systems through his collaborativeRead MoreThe Invention Of The Printing Press1413 Words   |  6 PagesEurope. This invention became a great industry in Britain. The printing pre ss became a popular industry in the mid-19th century as the second industrial revolution commenced a communication revolution. There were several factors that made printing press very popular and substantial such as during wars where there was more of an urgency to strive for news. The following essay will discuss the developments and events that led to the press becoming an industry in Britain. During the 18th century there wasRead MoreThe History and Technology of the Computer in the Nineteenth Century1590 Words   |  7 Pages On an average day so many people are dependent on computers for their capabilities; including, police officers, small businesses, Wall Street, and even the average person for leisure. Without the invention of the first mechanical computer design in 1822 by Charles Baggage, our society would not be where it is at today. The computer has been noted to be most of the most powerful technology that societies will ever have.1 The first computer consisted of nearly 4,000 different parts. MeasuringRead MoreImpacts of Computer874 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Computer on Society Everyone knows that this is the age of computer and majority of people are using computer. Development of science and technology has direct effect on our daily life as well as in our social life. Computer technology has made communication possible from one part of the world to the other in seconds. They can see the transactions in one part of the world while staying in the other part. Computer development is one of the greatest scientific achievements of the 20 the

Art Analysis at the Art Institute of Chicago Essay Example For Students

Art Analysis at the Art Institute of Chicago Essay While I have been to the Art Institute before, I always went for fun, never to actually analyze the art and compare and contrast. When I went on July 29th my main focus was to seek out the Western and non-Western pieces and observe the differences as well as the similarities. After reading the prompt for this assignment, I also became curious as to why there aren’t any Chinese paintings on display, something I had not noticed during my previous trips. The museum is pretty large, so why hide part of Chinese culture in storage? I never found out an explanation to my question, so I suppose it will still remain a mystery. I started my trip by looking at the Western paintings from before 1600 to see the earliest records to be able to understand how they have changed overtime. The earliest paintings were a lot more colorful and detailed than I thought that they would be since they were the oldest. I assumed that as time passed, paintings would progress and get better, but they showed how artistic those were even way back in the day. In contrast to those paintings from the 1400’s which seemed to be made based upon a certain artist’s imagination, those in the 1600’s began to become more religious. This may have contributed to the rise of the West since during this time revolutions from the church and the state were beginning which makes sense as to why paintings began to represent Christ. After getting a good idea of prominent themes from Western art, I began to look at early non-Western art to compare. While themes of Western art obviously changed over time, this was not the case for the non-Western art. Western art seemed to expand their culture over time, while the non-Western stayed more traditional. This can also be seen to as why the West was able to rise, they were able to change their way of thinking which can be seen from the change in their art while other areas did not. This adds on to how, â€Å"Europeans’ willingness to learn from others and to try new things is the main cause of the West’s rise†. Even though this is just the art aspect, it can be seen as an example as their openness to do something different than their norm. From my trip to the Art Institute I learned something that I had not acknowledged from my previous visits. Art is more than something to just look at for a few seconds, by actually comparing pieces from different cultures one is able to see how those in the past thought differently and get a taste of their culture and how it has changed. The greatest contributor to how the West was able to rise is definitely because of their ability to expand their culture because of their desire try unfamiliar things. Through their art you are able to see how much the West had transformed throughout the years, which proved to be very beneficial.

International Wage Differential and Migration between Germany and Turkey

Introduction Economic models asserts that migration rises when wage differentials widens between the host country and the home country. If the host country has better payment terms than the home country, more employees will be lured to move to take advantage of the higher payment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Wage Differential and Migration between Germany and Turkey specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In a more vibrant framework, especially where the migrations duration is temporary, the number of immigrants in the host country is more than where the immigration duration is unending. However, economics model reveals that when the immigrants’ duration is temporal the optimal migration is low. Several factors influence the trend and the magnitude of the migration that is experienced between two countries. Other than wage differentials, the existence of employment opportunities has also been co nsidered to influence workers mobility. When job opportunity and existence of wage disparities are merged, a rigorous migration trend is created that entirely shape the economic output of the affected countries. The other factor that stimulates migration is the existence of technological differences among the various countries that are involved. Besides income variation and treed trade has been earmarked as one of the factors thank contribute heavily to immigration. Countries with large income propensities are increasingly receiving large amount of immigrants from countries low-income margins. Similarly, more technically advanced country usually operated at full employment while a less developed countries have high unemployment rates. Therefore, one of the two countries, which meet these conditions, experiences high rates of migration. Due to the erratic nature of immigration, most countries find themselves in a dilemma to contain such movements. Thus, this research project endeavou red considers all the factors that affect migration between Turkey and Germany. In this case, most emigrants move from Turkey to German where wages are relatively higher. Research Objectives The research sought to obtain the rationale of the following issues.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To determine the constituents of wage differential To understand the optimal level of migration in a given country To understand the effects of migration; both to the host country as well as the home country Literature Review The research consulted several written materials to obtain the views and observation of economists concerning the issue of wage differential and migration. In addition, the literature review helps to find consistence between their finding and the finding of this research. History of Migration from Turkey to Germany The migration was more or less active during the t wentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The political changes in Europe were pertaining to the migration rates, especially in the between- and post-war periods; ethnic changes and attitude to ethnic groups was another reason for migration when people were seeking shelter or political asylum. Employment rates and labour shortages became one of the strongest motivations for employees from all over the world to migrate to the countries that were rebuilding their economies in 1950-1960s. Economic differences and wage differentials can be considered another contributing factor to the migration flows (Dustmann, â€Å"The European Experience† 215). As such, the major events that influenced the economic and political changes impacted the migration rates from Turkey to Germany. Modern Migration Though some authors try to trace the roots of the migration from Turkey to German alluding to the colonial migration to the Western Europe (Akgà ¼ndà ¼z 124), modern trends have reveal cha nge of motivators from need of maiden land to wage differentials. Djajic (99) contends that wage differentials are influenced by variation in factor prices. A higher factor price leads to a low return on capital and therefore low wage rates. On the other hand, when the country has low factor prices, the return on capital is high and therefore the stimulating international migration. Another section of economist claims that recruitment fee also influences the bearing of the immigration. Higher recruitment fess adds to the factor cost and it negatively affects the amount of wage offered thus discouraging migration (Massey and Taylor). However, this principle is only applicable under free trade where the country does not practice protectionism. Migration and Income International migration is also influenced by the level of income in additional to wage differentials. Low income from the sending country motivates locals to aspire to go for better incomes outside the country (Faini De Me lo 49). One of the reasons for migration was the employment (Eickelman and Piscatori 153). The inclusion of income factor obscures the relationship between migration and trade liberalization. For instance, income below a certain thresholds in the home country complements both trade liberalization and migrations. This is because trade liberalization and migration is liable to promote income in the home country. Once income is augmented to a particular threshold, migration rate recedes or it is entirely brought to a stop. The rationale behind is the fact that majority of the people prefer working in their native countries. Therefore, trade liberalization and migration are either complements or substitutes in the upper income threshold (Faini and De Melo 50).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Wage Differential and Migration between Germany and Turkey specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Technological Advanc ement Technological differences have also been cited as one of the main catalyst of international migrations. Djajic illustrates that a country that is more technically advanced relieves most of its workers from their daily jobs as they are misplaced by machinery (99). The machine usage lowers the pressure on wages leading to low hourly wages; the affected individuals are easily by hire wages elsewhere (Djajic 99). Massey and Taylor dispel this assumption by arguing that international wage trends are not easily predictable and therefore not easily applicable (10). The internal operations of a country economic factor are not readily predictable due to the dynamism assumed by many factors that influence wage rates. natural intuition provide that countries which are more industrialized have high national income and also high wage rate, thus displaced employees find it difficult to cope with low wages than offered in the local country. Educational Opportunities Education can be consider ed another factor that contributed greatly to the growth of migration rates between Turkey and Germany. New educational institutions in Europe and increasing importance of the education in Turkey made the flow of students from Turkey into Europe and, namely, into Germany growing. As reported in the study by Sunata, the European governments in 1990s â€Å"facilitate legal regulations, such as student visas and work permits as well as the probability of grants and loans† (187). This shows that the situation was changing from time to time and the educational opportunities became open and more affordable for foreign students abroad, especially regarding the legal regulations adapted in many European countries such as Germany. Economies of Scales Another notable factor that influences international migration is the economics of scale. Djajic argues that a country that constantly returns to scale generates more demand compared to countries with diminishing returns to scale (100). H ence, increased pull-demand for job is increased in countries that enjoy economies scale. Moreover, the ability of the country to expand its operation increases that is generated causes increased demand for labour, which by extension causes immigration. These countries keep low production costs that allow firms to maintain higher wages. On the other hand, economic models assume that economies of scale rarely exist in the end due to entrance of new firms. This may reduce the duration of immigration, hence leading to a low immigration optimal. Nonetheless, where immigration duration is permanent the optimal level of migration is usually high.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Effects of Migration to the Economy Although most scholars’ associate migration to brains drain but it has been found out that both the host countries and the home country benefits a great deal from employee mobility. Hatton asserts that high economic growth is often experience where the country obtains more work force to utilize the already existing resources (4). On the other hand, the home country benefits from the resources and finances, which are sent home by the emigrants. Conversely, most host countries benefit mostly when the large constituent of the immigrants are skilled with ability to operate the machinery already installed. Djajic contends that immigrants’ remittances assume a type of insurance premium that furnish the risks associated with migration and therefore they feel the welfare of their family is well catered for (254). He further asserts that remittances form an integral part of the decision making on the part of the immigrants, once the remittanc es is able to cater for the welfare of the entire family, immigration decision is reached with ease. Methodology The report was prepared after based on information gathered from secondary sources. These sources include books, and internet reports, which were done on this area. From varied literature, the researcher sieved and collected relevant data utilized for this report. The research covers the migration movements from Turkey to Germany. According to the ILO records, Germany has a higher wage rate compared to Turkey. Moreover, Germany is technically more developed than Turkey thus having a higher demand for skilled labour. With this distinct parity, most skilled personnel from Turkey are attracted by the lucrative opportunity in Germany but not available in Turkey. The data on the two countries that was used in this report was entirely collected from internet and previous reports on these areas available in books. This information was collected from library books, journals, and internet. The ensuing results and discussion was purely based on the findings from these sources. Results and Discussion This section comprises discussions that emanates from the information that was collected from various sources. The discussion strives to find correlation of the report and the previous findings from secondary sources. Migration duration. Table showing the number of emigrants return (Dustmann, â€Å"Wage Differentials† 239). Year 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 No 59 32 29 32 26 14 12 Percent 20.49 11.11 10.07 11.11 9.03 4.86 4.17 Year 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 Total No 13 16 22 10 8 288 Percent 4.51 5.56 7.64 3.47 5.21 2.78 100.00 A table of Immigrants that returned home The above data was collected from Germany immigration office covering the trend adopted by emigrants from Turkey and their return behaviour. This information was used to determine the number of emigrants that returned to Turkey that returned to their home countries a fter the expiration of their immigration period. From the samples it was evident that majority of immigrant were reacted upon to return to Turkey over the last 14 years that was covered by the research. From the observation of 14 years, 288 immigrants left Germany to return to Turkey. This figure is broken down according the year that the immigrants returned. The data above reveals that majority of immigrants that went to Germany did not return to their home country because of the lucrative wages that they received in the host country. It is therefore correct to deduce that most immigrants are ready to default their migration period to continue enjoying lucrative wages in German. Employees from Turkey in Germany, by occupational groups Occupational group 2000 2005 ISCO-1 1,893 2,279 ISCO-2 5,150 4,968 Engineers 1,476 1,709 ISCO-3 17,994 16,661 Total (Occupational Groups ISCO 1-3) 25,035 23,098 Total (All Occupational Groups) 556,498 458,243 Share of ISCO 1-3 in All Occupational Groups (%) 4.5 5.2 Deduced from Bundestamt fà ¼r Migration und Flà ¼chtlinge (Sunata 15). As such, the ISCO-1 relates to managers and senior officials including legislators; the group of ISCO-2 contains professional employees such as medical staff, educators, lawyers, and all the categories of formal education; ISCO-3 covers the category of technicians and other vocational specialisations (Sunata 15-16). Regarding this situation with employment and percentage of occupational groups’ enrolment, unqualified employees from Turkey are more common for Germany than qualified ones. Wage Differential and Immigration Predicted average wage Most of the Turkey’s emigrants are motivated by two things. The duration of stay and wage differentials. When the wage differential is low but the duration of stay is long, most people still finds it worth to go for migration. On the other side, when wage differential is high most employee are willing to work for shorter dur ation. For instance where higher wages are offered say at 20 Euros most people are willing to work even fears. Optimal migration The optimal migration is the flow of human capital from one country to another considering a specific period of time based on the skill-oriented policy when skilled and qualified professionals are motivated to migrate. The current situation, regarding the migration rates from Turkey to Germany in terms of by occupational groups, shows that unskilled workers from poorer country tend to migrate to the richer one. Just like the observation by many economists when the optimal migration occurs where the duration of immigration is long. In this case, the optimal migration occurs when the duration is stay is between 10 to 15 years. At this point, the number of immigrants starts increasing at a decreasing rate. Beyond this level, the most Turkey’s immigrants were willing to return to their home country. Similarly, below this duration stay many emigrants are willing to default their stay contract to continue enjoying longer stay. It was also observed that most emigrants were lured by hefty remittances that they received from the Germany’s government. The above observation coincided by the observation that was made by Djajic who associated most immigration to the effects of remittances (254). Effects of Immigration Concerning which country benefits the most from immigrants, as Djajic points out; most benefits were received by Germany. The only that was received by Turkey was limited to remittances that were disbursed home. However, majority of this information was used to meet domestic obligations as opposed to development projects. Thus, the parity between the two countries is likely to widen because little of the money is used by Turkeys government for industrialization purposes. On its part, Germany benefits greatly from the huge production that is generated by the Turkey immigrants. Therefore, the Turkey continues to lag behi nd as its effort to reduce wage difference existing between itself and Germany remains a far away dream. This observation concurs with Hatton assertion that the host country benefits more from the services provided by the immigrants (4). Conclusions and recommendations Recommendations From the above results, the following recommendations have been proposed to the host countries, which have benefited less from the migration. Since the main cause of migration is wage differential, Turkey could curb mass exodus of its talent and smart brains by implementing the following recommendations. Turkey should assume protectionism policy to discourage immigration that withdraws the best brains from the country to be used elsewhere. The country should strive to increase the income levels in the home country because it has been found out that high-income thresholds complements immigration and free trade. This is also because most people prefer working in their native countries than in foreign co untries. The government should adopt technological advancement to provide job opportunities to the skilled personnel that are left jobless or are underemployed and in the process they opt to seek better pay in Germany. Conclusion Although international migration traces its origin to the slave trade era, the movement people from country to country is still relevant in the modern days. Notably, the factors that influence such movements have greatly changed. However, wage differentials have remained the most critical factor that oils migration of people across nations. Immigrants from Turkey are lured by better income in Germany. Other factors that have been found to facilitate increased migration from Turkey to Germany include trade liberalization, technological advancement, and constant returns to scales. It is evident that Turkey has benefitted marginally from the migration and therefore it would be prudent for the government to contain these movements as the best brains are shippe d out. The only way that it can contain such movements is through adopting some form of protectionism policy. Failure to act on wage differential based immigration away from Turkey would only perpetuate economic imbalance between Turkey and Germany; the gaps will continuously widen. Reference List Akgà ¼ndà ¼z, Ahmet. Labour Migration from Turkey to Western Europe, 1960-1974: A Multidisciplinary Analysis. Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2008. Djajic, Slobodan. International Migration: Trends and Economic Impact. New York: Routledge, 2001. Dustmann, Christian. â€Å"Return Migration: The European Experience.† Economic Policy 11.22 (1996): 213-250. Dustmann, Christian. â€Å"Return Migration, Wage Differentials, and the Optimal Migration Duration.† European Economic Review 47 (2003): 353–369. Eickelman, Dale F., and James P. Piscatori. Muslim Travellers: Pilgrimage, Migration, and the Religious Imagination. London: University of California Press, 1990. Faini, Riccardo and Jaime De Melo. Migration: The Controversies and the Evidence. London: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Hutton, Timothy J. Migration and the International Labor Market, 1850-1939. London: Routledge Publishers, 1994. Massey, Douglas, S., and Edward J. Taylor. Development Strategy, Employment and Irrigation and Migration; Insights from Models. Paris: OECD Press, 1996. Roleff, Tamara, L. Immigration Opposing View Points. Michigan: Greenhaven Press, 1998. Sunata, Ulas. Highly Skilled Labor Migration. Berlin: LIT Verlag Mà ¼nster, 2010. This essay on International Wage Differential and Migration between Germany and Turkey was written and submitted by user Rhino to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Help Shape Future Societies Into Great Ones Religion Essays

Help Shape Future Societies Into Great Ones Religion Essays Help Shape Future Societies Into Great Ones Religion Essay Help Shape Future Societies Into Great Ones Religion Essay The Hebrew s left small literature to demo their imposts. In fact the lone literature that is left from Hebrew society is spiritual text. The nucleus literary plants being the Torah or Pentateuch, which is the first five books of the Bible. These plants were non compiled together as a aggregation of books until after the autumn of the Hebrew state. From these texts we learn several things about how they lived. They were a really rigorous society. They were non anthropocentric, but believed that God was the lone of import being. This civilization had a monotheistic belief. The God that they worshiped was a merely God and they did non inquiry Him. God had full control over what took topographic point in their civilization. If they questioned God they believed that they would be punished. Though Hebraic civilization is really different from modern twenty-four hours civilization, there are three of import inside informations that are still relevant today. First Hebrew civilization was a Patriarchal society. Following, dress was of import to the position of adult male. Last, justness was of import to their life style. Throughout this essay I am traveling to explicate how these things were prevailing to their society and how they are still a portion of ours today. One manner that modern civilization is similar to the Hebrew s is that it was a Patriarchal society. In the narrative of Noah in the book of Genesis no names of the adult females are mentioned. Though our society has come a long manner in this country. We are still a adult male first society. In a matrimony the adult females usually take the adult male s last name. A traditional nuptials normally ends with the phrase I now present to you Mr. and Mrs. insert adult male s name here. In most two-parent places the adult male is the caput of the family. This is true in my household at least. Work forces are normally the 1s that hold most of the high-level occupations in America. Most political places are hel p by work forces every bit good. They normally make a higher income than adult females in the same place as them. In the narrative of creative activity the Hebrew s viewed Eve in a low-level place and believe that she was the ground for the autumn of adult male. This sets the phase for how from here on out adult females are nt mentioned as much and are in lower places in the Torah. Though our society is nt nigh every bit patriarchal as the Hebrew s were, we still have plentifulness of gender inequality. Another trait of Hebrew civilization that is still seeable today is how apparels were of import and showed the position of adult male. This is apparent in the narrative of Joseph, which is besides in the book of Genesis. The coat that Joseph is given signified wealth. The Jews loved holding a batch of colour in their apparels. The length of a coat besides was of import in the household. As Joseph rose in power his apparels exemplified more wealth. As he fell in power or position he w as stripped of his apparels or had rags as garments. In our society today apparels frequently do demo position. Peoples want to purchase the top trade names so they can lift to a higher position or at least appear like they are of a higher category. Peoples in high places are expected to have on nicer vesture than those in the lower categories. Peoples think that this happens merely in high school with striplings but this is common in grownups every bit good. The high priced shops that wealthy, high-toned people store at, guarantee that it is non easy for low category people to shop where they shop. Clothing, like in the Hebrew civilization shows position of the societies people. Third, justness was an property that was of import to the Hebrew s. It is something that is besides of import in our society despite the fact that we view it really otherwise than the Hebrew s did in their clip. Their position of justness is displayed in how God punishes His people. It is shown in many of t he literary plants that we have studied. The narrative of Creation shows their position of justness. Adam was sentenced to a life of difficult work along with every other homo that was to come. Eve would endure from birth strivings and the snake would eat soil. God had justness how he saw tantrum. That would be how the Hebrew s viewed this state of affairs. Justice is besides showed in the narrative of Noah and the Tower of Babel. Today we look at justness a small spot different. Our thoughts of justness seem to come largely from the courtroom. We think of guilty until proved inexperienced person or an oculus for an oculus. We surely question things unlike the Hebrew s. The truth is that justness is a complex thing in our societies eyes. We doubtless do nt hold a perfect justness system, but it is something that we view really extremely, much like the Hebrew s. In decision, the Hebrew civilization has passed on a few things to our modern twenty-four hours society. We differ in many countries but through clip and many different civilisations all of the civilizations have formed our society into what it is today. The literature that has been left behind from all civilizations has given us a glance into how our manner of life has developed into what it is today. The Hebrew traditions passed along to us the characteristic of a patriarchal society. Though because of this, life in the past and partially now has been more hard for adult females. Hebrew s besides related to us in the fact that vesture is of import to demoing the position of adult male. Last, they valued justness. Even though they valued it really otherwise than our society, it was still of import to them, much like it is to our society. Traditions are passed down from coevalss to coevalss as they are passed down things alteration. We recognize that through the literature that we read from the past civilizations. As clip goes by and more literature is written we will finally be the past civilizations. What we are go forthing behind today could assist determine future societies into great 1s!

How to Calculate Powerball Odds

How to Calculate Powerball Odds Powerball is a multistate lottery that is quite popular due to its multimillion-dollar jackpots. Some of these jackpots reach values that are well over $100 million. An interesting quest ion from a probabilistic  sense is, â€Å"How are the odds calculated on the likelihood of winning Powerball?† The Rules First we will examine the rules of Powerball as it is currently configured. During each drawing, two drums full of balls are thoroughly mixed and randomized. The first drum contains white balls numbered 1 to 59. Five are drawn without replacement from this drum. The second drum has red balls that are numbered from 1 to 35. One of these is drawn. The object is to match as many of these numbers as possible. The Prizes The full jackpot is won when all six numbers selected by a player match perfectly with the balls that are drawn. There are prizes with lesser values for partial matching, for a total of nine different ways to win some dollar amount from Powerball. These ways of winning are: Matching all five white balls and the red ball wins the grand prize jackpot. The value of this varies depending upon how long it has been since someone has won this grand prize.Matching all five white balls but not the red ball wins $1,000,000.Matching exactly four of the five white balls and the red ball wins $10,000.Matching exactly four of the five white balls but not the red ball wins $100.Matching exactly three of the five white balls and the red ball wins $100.Matching exactly three of the five white balls but not the red ball wins $7.Matching exactly two of the five white balls and the red ball wins $7.Matching exactly one of the five white balls and the red ball wins $4.Matching just the red ball but none of the white balls wins $4. We will look at how to calculate each of these probabilities. Throughout these calculations, it is important to note that the order of how the balls come out of the drum is not important. The only thing that matters is the set of balls that are drawn. For this reason our calculations involve combinations and not permutations. Also useful in every calculation below is the total number of combinations that can be drawn. We have five selected from the 59 white balls, or using the notation for combinations, C(59, 5) 5,006,386 ways for this to occur. There are 35 ways to select the red ball, resulting in 35 x 5,006,386 175,223,510 possible selections. Jackpot Although the jackpot of matching all six balls is the most difficult to obtain, it is the easiest probability to calculate. Out of the multitude of 175,223,510 possible selections, there is exactly one way to win the jackpot. Thus the probability that a particular ticket wins the jackpot is 1/175,223,510. Five White Balls To win $1,000,000 we need to match the five white balls, but not the red one. There is only one way to match all five. There are 34 ways to not match the red ball. So the probability of winning $1,000,000 is 34/175,223,510, or approximately 1/5,153,633. Four White Balls and One Red For a prize of $10,000, we must match four of the five white balls and the red one. There are C(5,4) 5 ways to match four of the five. The fifth ball must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 1) 54 ways for this to happen. There is only 1 way to match the red ball. This means that there are 5 x 54 x 1 270 ways to match exactly four white balls and the red one, giving a probability of 270/175,223,510, or approximately 1/648,976. Four White Balls and No Red One way to win a prize of $100 is to match four of the five white balls and not match the red one. As in the previous case, there are C(5,4) 5 ways to match four of the five. The fifth ball must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 1) 54 ways for this to happen. This time, there are 34 ways to not match the red ball. This means that there are 5 x 54 x 34 9180 ways to match exactly four white balls but not the red one, giving a probability of 9180/175,223,510, or approximately 1/19,088. Three White Balls and One Red Another way to win a prize of $100 is to match exactly three of the five white balls and also match the red one. There are C(5,3) 10 ways to match three of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 2) 1431 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 10 x 1431 x 1 14,310 ways to match exactly three white balls and the red one, giving a probability of 14,310/175,223,510, or approximately 1/12,245. Three White Balls and No Red One way to win a prize of $7 is to match exactly three of the five white balls and not match the red one. There are C(5,3) 10 ways to match three of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 2) 1431 ways for this to happen. This time there are 34 ways to not match the red ball. This means that there are 10 x 1431 x 34 486,540 ways to match exactly three white balls but not the red one, giving a probability of 486,540/175,223,510, or approximately 1/360. Two White Balls and One Red Another way to win a prize of $7 is to match exactly two of the five white balls and also match the red one. There are C(5,2) 10 ways to match two of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 3) 24,804 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 10 x 24,804 x 1 248,040 ways to match exactly two white balls and the red one, giving a probability of 248,040/175,223,510, or approximately 1/706. One White Ball and One Red One way to win a prize of $4 is to match exactly one of the five white balls and also match the red one. There are C(5,4) 5 ways to match one of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 4) 316,251 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 5 x 316,251 x1 1,581,255 ways to match exactly one white ball and the red one, giving a probability of 1,581,255/175,223,510, or approximately 1/111. One Red Ball Another way to win a prize of $4 is to match none of the five white balls but match the red one. There are 54 balls that are not any of the five selected, and we have C(54, 5) 3,162,510 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 3,162,510 ways to match none of the balls except for the red one, giving a probability of 3,162,510/175,223,510, or approximately 1/55. This case is somewhat counterintuitive. There are 36 red balls, so we may think that the probability of matching one of them would be 1/36. However, this neglects the other conditions imposed by the white balls. Many combinations involving the correct red ball also include matches on some of the white balls as well.

More stewardship is needed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

More stewardship is needed - Essay Example In terms of the planet's resources, stewardship would simply entail taking care of what one has, whether an individual, family, company, or government. Now we come to the crux of the problem, being the aforementioned. Everyone is different and there is no common agreement in regard to "the needs of the people." In thinking stewardship, fashion takes a back seat. In developed nations, fashion is part of success. Since each nation and government is divided into sections of differing cultures, we can view the United States as a good example of where stewardship takes on different meanings; The region of the Pacific Northwest carries the trophy for being ecologically aware, having begun some of the nation's first recycling programs for glass, aluminum and plastic back in the '70's. One part of stewardship is responsibly disposing of waste, and as the population grows, so does waste. The term, "reduce, reuse, recycle" abounds in stewardship thinking. Stewardship is a big inconvenience. It means we must think about what we do, what we use and how we get rid of it.

Developing a Health Policy Campaign Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Developing a Health Policy Campaign - Coursework Example Every time an individual consumes excess calories that what the body requires, obesity sets in. No one admires to be obese. People with obesity have high probabilities of suffering from heart diseases as well as other dangerous diseases. But what exactly causes obesity? Besides hereditary factors, overeating plays a key role in causing obesity. Similarly consumption of foods that have high fat content and decreased physical activity, are also prime causes of this condition. In US, children obesity cases pose a great challenge. Studies have shown that at least one third of children in America including adolescents are facing obesity. Statistics have shown that obesity is on a rapid increase, â€Å"Over the past 30 years, the prevalence of obesity has nearly tripled for children 2 to 5 years of age and youth 12 to 19 years of age, and it has quadrupled for children 6 to 11 years old.† (AHA conference proceedings 2014, 1) We have had highly effective programs advocating for the issues of obesity in children, these programs have proved very effective in a number of ways. In the literature review in the advocacy program by the nurses, the following approaches which made it effective (Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity, 2006). These skills that nurses employed to prevent obesity were good, they put in place a number critical issues. They considered prevention levels that were good enough for the child, and the family among other important considerations. The obesity prevention strategy was taken to be a health tool. There were advocacy skills involved in planning and strategizing on preventive measures within the community and the entire population. (Online journal of issues in nursing, 2009) In overall, many of the advocacy programs that were initiated were effective because of willing of partners that were interested in the issues of child obesity. Various local, national, regional and international bodies are trying their best to combat

Punctuation And Capitalization Essay Example for Free

Punctuation And Capitalization Essay As a Communications teacher, Ive found that one effective way to improve punctuation is to look for punctuation errors and correct them, explaining why the correction needs to be made. â€Å"Convictions are more dangerous foes of truth than lies,† wrote the philosopher. Some key vitamins and minerals found in milk are vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin A. The animal quacks like a duck, waddles like a duck, and looks like a duck; therefore, it must be a duck. Several countries have ratified the agreement: France, Canada, Denmark, Spain, and Luxembourg. â€Å"Of course,† Mary agreed, â€Å"Ill complete the project next week.† The weather forecast is for rain; however, I still plan to run the marathon this Sunday. Its important that the dog receives its vaccination this week. My parent has moved north of Madison, Wisconsin. Next term, I would like to take courses in algebra, biology and art history.   References Straus, Jane. (2005). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation. Retrieved December 10, 2007, from http://www.grammarbook.com/punctuation/cnt_punc.asp

Comparing The Simpsons and Aristophanes Clouds Essay -- comparison, c

Tomorrow on the Simpsons, Homer will discover that Bart has stolen his credit card and charged $10,000 worth of "Itchy and Scratchy" merchandise. Having no hope for paying off this debt, Homer decides to go to law school because he cannot afford to hire a bankruptcy lawyer. The famous lawyer, who teaches classes, sends a crestfallen Homer home to retrieve his son, for Homer is much too thick-headed to possibly learn the ways of the courts. As Bart graduates from law school, he uses his newfound skills of argument to convince the courts that his parents are insane, his sister Lisa deserves to be in a boarding school, and he should be able to put his youngest sister up for adoption. Unable to see another way, Homer tears down the walls of the Springfield Law School, attacking the famous lawyer for ruining his life. On many levels, this is a typical episode of The Simpsons, one I am sure any Simpson's fan would enjoy. The only problem is this is not an episode of The Simpsons, and it wi ll not be airing tomorrow. This synopsis did not come from the TV Guide, rather it is an updated version of Aristophanes' famous comedy, Clouds. Though it may come as a surprise, many of the elements of America's favorite cartoon are actually the same elements used by Aristophanes many centuries ago in his comedic drama, Clouds. There are many similarities between the main characters of Aristophanes' Clouds and the modern television favorite The Simpsons. The first comparison to be made is between the father figures Strepsiades and Homer Simpson. Though separated by centuries of changes, Strepsiades and Homer share a surprising number of basic character traits. First, they share a lack of intellectual strength; put simply, both characters are incre... ...98. Carey, Donick. The Simpsons Archive. "D'oh-in' in the Wind." 6 Nov. 2000. Ed. Benjamin Robinson. 6 Sept. 2011. Chen, Raymond, Ed. The Simpsons Archive. "Treehouse of Horror II" 6 Nov. 2000. 6 Sept. 2011. Greaney, Dan. The Simpsons Archive. "I'm With Cupid." 6 Nov. 2000. Ed. Benjamin Robinson. 6 Sept. 2011. Meyer, George. The Simpsons Archive. "Homer the Heretic." 6. Nov. 2000. Ed. Chris Baird. 6 Sept. 2011. Scully, Mike. The Simpsons Archive. "Lisa's Rival." 6 Nov. 2000. Ed. James A. Cherry. 6 Sept. 2011. Vitti, Jon. The Simpsons Archive. "Mr. Plow." 6 Nov. 2000. Ed. James A. Cherry. 6 Sept. 2011.

Loser : Microsoft

â€Å"Still, though Microsoft’s goals are good, it’s implementation needs work.† This was Philip E. Ross’s main point in his article â€Å"Loser: Microsoft to Spammers: Go Phish.† In the article, Ross discussed the two spam e-mail countermeasures developed separately by Microsoft and the partnership of Cisco and Yahoo. Although he admitted that the systems developed – Sender ID by Microsoft and Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM) by Cisco/Yahoo – had their own advantages, he also confesses to believing that DKIM is the better anti-spam proposal. He goes as far as writing, â€Å"For our purposes, that makes Microsoft Corp. the loser.† After discussing the difference between Microsoft’s and Cisco/Yahoo’s designs – a Sender ID verifies that an e-mail really came from where it claims to have come from by comparing the message’s Internet Protocol address from the IP address of its claimed origin; while DKIM tacks an encrypted digital signature to the e-mail’s header and this signature contains instructions on where to find the algorithm – Ross reveals the one great loophole to Microsoft’s Sender ID. It is not able to differentiate between spam and forwarded e-mail. And Ross says this can make or break Microsoft’s anti-spam system. As Ross says, the only way to get around Sender ID’s glitch is to cut and paste a message you plan to forward. But this, Ross explains, makes sharing harder; thus, possibly resulting to lesser people e-mailing. Although Ross presents Cisco’s Jim Fenton’s claim that DKIM also has its own fault in that it is more easily confused by e-mail changes while in transit, he still has another negative comment on Microsoft. He mentions critics’ speculations that Microsoft may have other things in mind with the control of spam e-mails – speculations that may have stemmed from the company’s tight grip on Sender ID’s intellectual property. Yet even with this presentation of arguments against Microsoft’s Sender ID, Ross still believes that the Redmond, Washington computer giant is serious about eliminating spam and that they have what it takes to come up with the standard in spam countermeasures. For now though, Microsoft’s intentions are not enough and they have yet to work towards polishing their processes. Philip Ross made a well-informed article with â€Å"Loser: Microsoft to Spammers: Go Phish†. He was able to provide evidences to all his claims and was able to back-up his assumptions. But even with a fair presentation of both sides to Microsoft’s Sender ID, Ross still had the tendency to settle more on the negative side of the system. This was especially apparent when he brandished Microsoft as the â€Å"loser†, when a less negative term could have sufficed. Ross’s points, though a little biased, were admittedly insightful. His mention of Microsoft’s attempt at secreting their anti-spam technology’s intellectual property does make one wonder why such a secrecy. I do hope that assumptions on the possibility of this technology being exploited will turn out to be not true – because true to Ross’ words, nobody wants to be strong-armed. However, even I have to agree with Ross’s suggestion that perhaps Cisco and Yahoo can add Microsoft to their team and all three can work towards a stronger anti-spam system. Since the fight against spamming is not about one company’s supremacy over another but about making e-mail more reliable for all users, Cisco, Yahoo, and Microsoft must try to work together for the benefit of millions of e-mail users. And it was good that even Fenton and Microsoft’s Harry Katz concur that this is a good idea. Philip Ross may have his own biases regarding Microsoft’s Sender ID and it was slightly apparent in the article. But his proposal for making the current situation better is indeed something that current industry bigwigs should look at. Reference Ross, Philip E. (2007). Loser: Microsoft to Spammers: Go Phish. In Spectrum Online. Retrieved September 28, 2007, from http://www.spectrum.iee

Alcohol Advertisement in Australia Essay

Alcohol advertising in Australia ignores the long-term and short-term health risks associated with excessive alcohol consumption; these are detrimental to the Australian population of all ages, therefore they should be banned. Alcohol advertising is the promotion of alcoholic beverages by alcohol companies through a range of different media. Alcohol advertising is one of the most closely regulated forms of advertising, along with tobacco. The self-regulation system in Australia is not effective at protecting children and youth from exposure to alcohol advertising, a great deal of which contains material appealing to these groups (Fielder, Donovan & Ouschan 2009). The Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Code was introduced to guarantee that alcohol advertising will be conducted in a way that encourages responsibility and moderation in liquor merchandising and consumption, and does not promote the consumption of alcoholic beverages by underage persons. The Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Code first introduced in 1998 is the regulatory system for alcohol advertisement in Australia. For advertisement to comply with this code it is assessed to whom the advertisement is directed, and whom the advertisement may possibly be communicated. Australians’ consumption of alcohol is large on a global scale, with consumption estimated at 9. 88 litres per capita in 2007 (National Preventative Health Taskforce 2009). Scientific research has revealed, over decades, that there is a correlation between alcohol advertising and the consumption of alcohol. However, it has not yet been proven that alcohol advertising causes higher consumption (Hanson, 2011). It is the Alcohol Companies aim to demonstrate that the alcohol campaigns effectively increase their potential market share and brand loyalty, and not higher alcohol consumption. Adolescences are exposed to alcohol advertisements through many different forms of media, and can result in the consumption of alcoholic beverages. A study has shown that alcoholic beverages are the most advertised product inside a 250 metre radius of primary schools and children are exposed up to 25 advertisements for alcohol per square kilometre (Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2008). The alcohol industry lack credibility in the argument about banning alcohol advertising, given their dire attempts at enforcing their own self-regulatory code (the Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code). Children’s exposure to alcohol advertisement is on a daily basis. The advertisement of alcohol and alcohol products is not adequately regulated to restrict youths viewing alcohol-related images and messages. Research has shows that underage children are frequently shown alcohol advertising (Fielder, Donovan & Ouschan 2009). Mounting evidence has revealed, for youths, the increasing pressure of alcohol marketing creates negative attitudes towards alcohol consumption, and significantly impacts their decision to drink, as well as how they drink (National Preventative Health Taskforce 2009). Underage drinking can cause youth’s brains to be extremely damaged from alcohol. Large alcohol exposure to the developing youth’s brain can be very dangerous. Adolescents are shown to be more susceptible to the learning and memory difficulties that can arise from alcohol consumption. Sections of the brain that are affected by alcohol are directly correlated with memory and emotions, and binge drinking could produce memory problems, problems with verbal skills, incapacity to learn and depression. The existing regulatory system does not effectively regulate these exposures, and does not attempt to decrease or abolish the appeal of the advertising content. The 30 highest viewed alcohol advertisements to the underage population included at least one component identified to appeal to children and underage youth, with 23 found to contain two or more such material. It was also found that 15 of the 30 advertisements contained an animal (Fielder, Donovan & Ouschan 2009). The self-regulation system in Australia fails to safe-guard children and youth from exposure to alcohol advertising, with a good majority containing elements appealing to youths. The advertising companies’ target audience of their advertising campaigns have changed, with various brands being targeted towards a particular population. Some drinks are typically seen as a masculine drink, predominantly beers and dark spirits, whilst wines and cocktails are seen as feminine. Brands have said to be specifically produced to appeal to a population that would not generally drink that kind of alcoholic beverage. The alcohol industry has come under criticism and restricted legislation in their alleged targeting of young people, with the creation of alcoholic beverages that are sweet-tasting and bright coloured which appeal to the younger population. However, there is no solid evidence that supports this alleged targeting of youths. There have been wide spread debate on whether alcohol advertisements are targeting the teenage population, although alcohol advertisement makes consumption look extremely exciting and enjoyable with a majority of which involve parties. Exposure to alcohol advertisements is a daily occasion; they are on television, radio, billboards, concerts, magazines and sporting events. If alcohol advertising was to be banned there would be a certain objection from alcohol companies, outlets, sporting bodies and association. Alcohol is a major sponsor within Australian sports and is estimated to be worth $1. 25 billion a year. Large quantities of alcohol consumption are linked to severe public and social health problems involving violence, crime, road accidents and disease. With the taxing of premixed drinks there is intent to address the problem, however this has not made much of a difference, with adolescence moving onto different forms of alcohol. With the alcohol advertisement nearly everywhere and binge drinking within the teenage population still prevalent, the self-regulatory systems set up at present are not adequate. Heavy alcohol consumption has become a part of Australian culture; advertisement is encouraging these trends, and should be banned. Reference List: * Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, NSW Centre for Overweight and Obesity, 2008 * Fielder, L. , Donovan, R. J. & Ouschan, R. (2009) ‘Exposure of children and adolescents to alcohol advertising on Australian metropolitan free-to-air television’, Addiction, 104: 1157-1165 * Hanson, David, 2011; Alcohol Advertising * National Preventative Health Taskforce (2009) Australia: The healthiest country by 2020, Technical Report No 3.

Free Essays on I Witnessed

I witnessed a miracle About six years ago my parents and I realized how hard it is to nearly lose an immediate family member, someone we truly love. November 29, 1998 was a cold and rainy day in the small town of Splendora, Texas, my hometown. I was at my friend Amanda’s house that day watching movies when I first heard some terrible news. The telephone rang and it was for me. I thought to myself, â€Å"who could be calling me.† I knew that my mom was grocery shopping and my dad was at work, so I did not think it would be either of them. When I answered the phone I realized it was my mother, she sounded horrified, I knew something bad had happened. That was the moment I found out my older brother, Wade, had a deadly disease called bacterial meningitis. Earlier that morning my brother went to his friend Shaun’s house to go play video games. Later that afternoon my mom was grocery shopping when Wade called her and said he was not feeling well. So, my mom rushing through the store quickly finished her grocery shopping and immediately drove to Shaun’s house to go get my brother. When she arrived Wade slowly walked outside on the old wooden porch. At that moment mom realized how bad the situation really was. He looked as if were a walking zombie; he was so weak and stiff. He had large dark circles around his eyes that made him look very tired and restless. With all his might, he slid his feet one by one across the old porch trying to get to the car. My mom looking as terrified as any other mother would, she got out of the car to help him make it down the stairs safely. Wade struggling to walk down the stairs looked at my mom with his dark brown eyes and said in a soft sickly voice, â€Å"take me to the hospitalâ₠¬ . Raging through all the traffic, they rushed to the emergency room at Kingwood hospital. As soon as he arrived the nurses took his temperature, it was 106.2 degrees. They immediately took him in the back on a str... Free Essays on I Witnessed Free Essays on I Witnessed I witnessed a miracle About six years ago my parents and I realized how hard it is to nearly lose an immediate family member, someone we truly love. November 29, 1998 was a cold and rainy day in the small town of Splendora, Texas, my hometown. I was at my friend Amanda’s house that day watching movies when I first heard some terrible news. The telephone rang and it was for me. I thought to myself, â€Å"who could be calling me.† I knew that my mom was grocery shopping and my dad was at work, so I did not think it would be either of them. When I answered the phone I realized it was my mother, she sounded horrified, I knew something bad had happened. That was the moment I found out my older brother, Wade, had a deadly disease called bacterial meningitis. Earlier that morning my brother went to his friend Shaun’s house to go play video games. Later that afternoon my mom was grocery shopping when Wade called her and said he was not feeling well. So, my mom rushing through the store quickly finished her grocery shopping and immediately drove to Shaun’s house to go get my brother. When she arrived Wade slowly walked outside on the old wooden porch. At that moment mom realized how bad the situation really was. He looked as if were a walking zombie; he was so weak and stiff. He had large dark circles around his eyes that made him look very tired and restless. With all his might, he slid his feet one by one across the old porch trying to get to the car. My mom looking as terrified as any other mother would, she got out of the car to help him make it down the stairs safely. Wade struggling to walk down the stairs looked at my mom with his dark brown eyes and said in a soft sickly voice, â€Å"take me to the hospitalâ₠¬ . Raging through all the traffic, they rushed to the emergency room at Kingwood hospital. As soon as he arrived the nurses took his temperature, it was 106.2 degrees. They immediately took him in the back on a str...

ACT vs SAT 11 Key Differences to Help You Pick the Right Test

ACT vs SAT Key Differences to Help You Pick the Right Test SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You’ve probably heard of the ACT and SAT, but how different are these two tests really?In this extensive ACT vs SAT analysis, we look at the top differences between the ACT and SAT and explain what these differences mean for you. And to conclude, we give you tips on how to decide whether you should take the ACT or SAT. ACT vs SAT: How Different Are They? At a glance, the two tests aren't that different.Both the ACT and SAT are nationally recognized standardized tests and common admission requirements for US schools. Catering primarily to high school juniors and seniors, each test measures students’ proficiency in various critical skill areas- such as problem solving and reading comprehension- that are necessary for college success. Because all US colleges and universities accept scores from either the ACT or SAT, there's no advantage in taking one test over the other. This means you can apply to the same schools, regardless of which test you decide to take. But what about the actual content of the two tests? Though not identical, the ACT and SAT are more closely related than ever before as a result ofthe SAT’s massive redesign in 2016. Now, both exams have the following features: Contain similar sections (Reading, Math, etc.) in a predetermined order, with each section appearing just once Offer an optional essay section whose score does not count toward your total score Use rights-only scoring, meaning you will not be penalized for incorrect answers Contain entirely passage-based Reading and English/Writing questions (called English on the ACT and Writing and Language, or Writing, on the SAT) Despite all these similarities, there are still many ways in which the ACT and SAT differ from each other. For one, the SAT is overall slightly longer than the ACT. What's more, the number of questions and time limits are different for corresponding sections. Here is a brief overview of the basic structural and logistical differences between the ACT and SAT: ACT SAT Total Time 2 hrs 55 mins without Writing3 hrs 35 mins with Writing 3 hrs without Essay3 hrs 50 mins with Essay Order of Sections 1. English2. Math3. Reading4. Science5. Writing (optional) 1. Reading2. Writing and Language3. Math No Calculator4. Math Calculator5. Essay (optional) Time Per Section English: 45 minsMath: 60 minsReading: 35 minsScience: 35 minsWriting (optional): 40 mins Reading: 65 minsWriting and Language: 35 minsMath No Calculator: 25 minsMath Calculator: 55 minsEssay (optional): 50 mins # of Questions English: 75 questionsMath: 60 questionsReading: 40 questionsScience: 40 questionsWriting (optional): 1 essay Reading: 52 questionsWriting and Language: 44 questionsMath No Calculator: 20 questionsMath Calculator: 38 questionsEssay (optional): 1 essay Scoring Total score range: 1-36 Each section uses a scale of 1-36. Your total score is the average of your four section scores. The optional Writing section uses a scale of 2-12and does not count toward your final score. Total score range: 400-1600 The Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) and Math sections each use a scale of 200-800 and are combined for a total score. The optional Essay uses three separate scales of 1-8 and does not count toward your final score. Cost $50.50 without Writing$67.00 with Writing $47.50 without Essay$64.50 with Essay Who Accepts Scores? Accepted by all colleges and universities in the US Accepted by all colleges and universities in the US So are these the only ways in which the ACT and SAT differ? Not at all! In fact, the two tests differ quite significantly in key ways. Read on to see what these differences are and what they ultimately mean for you. SAT vs ACT: Key Differences Now, let's begin our ACT vs SAT comparison. Although both tests share several similarities, here are themost important differences for you to consider before deciding whether to take the SAT or ACT. #1: Time Per Question Loathe time crunches? Then you might prefer the SAT over the ACT. This is becausethe SAT gives you more time per question than the ACT does. This chart illustrates the differences in time per question (if you were to spend the same amount of time on each question in a given section): ACT SAT Reading 53 sec/question 75 sec/question ACT English/SAT Writing 36 sec/question 48 sec/question Math 60 sec/question No Calculator: 75 sec/questionCalculator: 87 sec/question Science 53 sec/question N/A As you can see, the SAT offers more time per question on all sections of the exam. You’ll have some of the biggest increases in time per question on the SAT Math and Reading sections, with the Math Calculator subsection allotting you nearly 30 seconds more per question than the ACT Math section! So if you’re worried about time management, particularly on math questions, the SAT offers much more workable and far less stress-inducing time constraints than the ACT does. #2: Science Section Another major difference has to do with science. While the ACT contains a section entirely devoted to science, the SAT does not. Looking above at our chart of differences, we can see that the ACT Science section contains 40 questions and lasts 35 minutes. Like the other three ACT sections, Science constitutes one-fourth of your total ACT score. So if you’re a science whiz who loves the idea of having an entire section focused onscientific data, graphs, and hypotheses, the ACT might be a better fit for you. That being said, the SAT does test scientific concepts- just not through a separate Science section.On the SAT, you’ll occasionally come across questions dealing with scientific passages, data, and charts on the Reading, Writing, and Math sections. Here’s an example of a science-based SAT Reading passage you could see on test day: As you probably know, there's no Science score on the SATas there is on the ACT, but there is anAnalysis in Science cross-test score, which isone of the many subscoresgiven on the SAT. That said, most schools won't pay much (if any) attention to your SAT subscores, whereas they willtake into consideration yourACT Science score. #3: No Calculator Math Subsection Unlike the ACT for which you may use a calculator on all Math questions, the SAT contains a Math No Calculator subsection for which you may not use a calculator.Consisting of 20 questions, the No Calculator subsection is a mere 25 minutes long, making it the shortest section on the SAT. (By contrast, the Math Calculator subsection is 55 minutes long and consists of 38 questions.) As a result, if you struggle with solving math quickly or without a calculator, you'd probably fare better on ACT Math than you would on SAT Math. On the other hand, if you’re confident in your math skills and can work fast without a calculator, the SAT is a solid option. Know this, though: on both the ACT and SAT, you can technically solve all math questions without a calculator.So, really, the No Calculator questions aren't all that different from Calculator questions. That said, the No Calculator questions are meant to be easier to solve without a calculator and are thusgenerally more reasoning-based than arithmetic-heavy. #4: Types and Balance of Math Concepts In regard to math content, the ACT and SAT both have a big emphasis on algebra. But the ACT also tests a couple of concepts that the SAT doesn’t focus on as much. To start, the ACT has a much larger focus on geometry, which makes up about 35-45% of ACT Math. By contrast, geometry accounts for less than 10% of SAT Math questions.In addition, trigonometry accounts for about 7% of the ACTbut less than 5% of the SAT, sothere's a slightly larger emphasis of trig on the ACT than there is on the SAT. The ACT also tests a few concepts that the SAT doesn’t test at all. These include things such as matrices, graphs of trig functions, and logarithms. So what does all this mean for you? If you’re good at algebra and data analysis, you’ll likely do well on the SAT. But if you’re a fan of trig functions and geometry and are comfortable with matrices and logs, the ACT is a better choice. #5: Math Formulas Reference Guide Here's another math-related difference: the SAT provides you with a diagram of math formulas, whereas the ACT does not. Before the two SAT Math subsections, you'll be givena diagram containing 12 geometry formulas and three laws: Although all these formulas and laws pertain to geometry- which, as you now know, doesn’t make up a huge part of the SAT- having this diagram handy means you won’t need to spend a ton of time memorizing formulas beforehand (though you should take care to memorize some important formulas not included in the diagram). Unlike the SAT, the ACT doesn’t give you any formulas on test day, meaning you absolutely mustmemorize all potential formulas before taking the test. In short, ifyou’re concerned you might forget certain formulas, the SAT offers a little more of a crutch than the ACT does. #6: Importance of Math in Final Score How big of a role will Math play in your final score? The answer to this question depends on whether you're taking the ACT or SAT. On the ACT, Math accounts for one-fourth of your total score (your Math section score is averaged with your other three section scores). On the SAT, however, Math accounts for half of your total score, making it twice as important on the SAT! So if math isn’t your strong suit, consider opting for the ACT. With the ACT, a lower Math score won’t negatively affect your total score as much as it will on the SAT. To illustrate this more clearly, let's look at an example. If I were to score in similar percentiles on the ACT and SAT- with significantly lower Math section scores- you might think that my total percentiles on both exams would be about the same. But as you can see below, this isn't the case. ACTpercentiles: English: 32 (94th percentile) Math: 16 (29th percentile) Reading: 32 (94th percentile) Science: 30 (94th percentile) Composite: 28 (89th percentile) SATpercentiles: EBRW: 700 (94th percentile) Math: 460 (28th percentile) Composite: 60 (68th percentile) As this example indicates, even if I were to score in similar percentiles on every section of the ACT and SAT (with lower Math section scores on each test), my composite score percentiles would differ dramatically. In this case,my final ACT percentileis 21% higher than my SAT percentile. In other words, if math isn't one of your strengths, you’ll have a better shot at hitting the total percentile you want on the ACT than you will on the SAT. #7: Number of Answer Choices on Math The two tests also differ in the number of answer choices they give you on Math. Both the SAT and ACT Math sections are predominantly multiple choice. But while ACT Math gives you five possible answer choices (A-E or F-K) for each question, SAT Math only gives you four (A-D). As a reminder, both tests use rights-only scoring, meaning you’ll never lose a point for an incorrect answer. So if you were to guess on an SAT Math question, you’d have a 25% chance of getting the question right. But if you were to guess on an ACT Math question, you’d have only a 20% chance of getting it right. Therefore, if you think you might need to guess on Math, know that the SAT offers a very slight advantage over the ACT, with a 5% higher probability of getting a question correct. #8: Grid-In Math Questions If you love multiple choice, especially when it comes to math questions, you might want to stick with the ACT. The SAT, though mostly multiple choice,hasstudent-produced response questions, or grid-ins, which are math questions for which you must fill in your own answer. In other words, you’ll have no answer choices from which to choose on these questions! Grid-ins account for 22% of SAT Math, or 13 total questions across the No Calculator (five grid-ins) and Calculator (eight grid-ins) subsections. By contrast, ACT Math only has multiple-choice questions.If you’re not a fan of math questions that don't offer you any answer choices, the ACT is the superior choice. #9: Evidence-Support Reading Questions Are you good at pinpointing areas in texts to support your answers to questions? If so, the SAT might be a better fit for you. Evidence-support questions are a big part of SAT Reading but are entirely absent on ACT Reading. These questions build off of the questions that come before them and ask you to cite specific lines or paragraphs as evidence for your answer to a previous question. Here’s an example of an evidence-support question (with the question to which it's referring): Our guidediscusses in more detail the different types of evidence questions you’ll encounter on SAT Reading. Evidence questions can be somewhat tricky, especially if you’re not sure where you found your answer in the passage. If you’re not into the idea of interconnected questions, try the ACT instead (whose Reading questions are always separate from one another). #10: Chronological Reading Questions On SAT Reading, all questions given to you follow a chronological order- that is, in the order of the passage to which they refer. But on ACT Reading, questions can flow randomly and do not routinely follow the order of the content in the passages. Here’s an example of two SAT questions, which you can see progress in the order of the passage (as indicated by the line numbers in both questions): And now here is an example of two ACT questions, which do not progress in the order of the passage (as indicated by the line number and mention of "last paragraph"): As a result, SAT Reading questions are generally easier to follow and thus easier to answer than ACT Reading questions.Chronologically ordered questions can also save you time on the SAT, as you won’t need to search the entire passage for the area to which a question is referring. #: Essay Content The last major difference between the two tests deals with essay content. On both the ACT and SAT, the essay component is optional; however, what you must write about differs depending on whether you're taking the SAT or ACT. On the SAT, you'll be given a passage, which you must read and then analyze. Your essay will dissect the author's argument using evidence and reasoning. In other words, you will not be giving your own opinion. Here's an example of an SAT Essay prompt: On the ACT Writing section, however, your task is different. For this essay, you'll read a short passage about an issue and then analyze the different perspectives on this issue. But unlike the SAT Essay, you'll also give your own opinion on the issue here. Here's an example of an ACT Writing prompt: Which essay type is easier for you depends on what you're better at and more comfortable with writing. With the SAT, you'll need to have good reading comprehension skills in order to fully realize the strengths and weaknesses of the author's argument. On the other hand, with theACT, you need to be able to effectivelycompare and contrast different perspectives on an issue as well as give ample evidence to support your opinion. ACT vs SAT: Which Test Is Right for You? At last, it's time to ask yourself: which test is right for you- the ACT or SAT? Here are three ways to help you make your decision. Method 1: Take Official Practice Tests Instead of just guessing whether you'll be better at the ACT or SAT, the best way to decide is to actually take each test and then compare your scores.To do this, you'll need to find an official practice test for both the ACT and SAT.Official practice tests are the closest you can get to the real deal. Here at PrepScholar, we've got all official SAT practice tests and ACT practice tests compiled for your convenience. Here's what you'll do: choose one official practice test for each exam and then decide on the days you'll take them. As a reminder, each test takes approximately four hours,so make sure you set aside enough time to complete each test without interruption. Do not take the tests on the same day or even two days in a row.In addition, make sure that you're taking the tests in a quiet place and are timing yourself accordingly (as you would be timed on the actual exams). Once you've completed both practice tests, calculate your ACT and SAT scores using your practice tests' respective scoring guides and then compare your scores. The easiest way to compare your scores is to convert your total ACT test score to a total SAT test score using our handy conversion system. Alternatively, you can compare percentiles for yourACT and SATscores to see on which test your percentile was higher. In the end, whichever test you scored higher on is the one you should ultimately prep for and use for college admissions. If your ACT and SAT scores are nearly or exactly the same, you’ll probably perform equally well on either test. So it’s up to you, then, to decidewhether you’d like to try taking both tests, or whether you’d prefer to take just one. For more information, read our guide on who should consider taking both the ACT and SAT. Method 2: Take an SAT vs ACT Quiz Another way you can determine which test is right for you is to take a short quiz.In the chart below, check whether you agree or disagree with each statement. Statement Agree Disagree I struggle with geometry and trigonometry. I am good at solving math problems without a calculator. Science is not my forte. It’s easier for me to analyze something than to explain my opinion. I normally do well on math tests. I can't recall math formulas easily. I like coming up with my own answers for math questions. Tight time constraints stress me out. I can easily find evidence to back up my answers. Chronologically arranged questions are easier to follow. Now, count up your check marks in each column to find out what your score means. Mostly Agrees - The SAT is your match! If you agreed with most or all of the above statements, the SAT is what you've been looking for. With the SAT, you'll have more time for each question and won't need to deal with a pesky science section or a ton of geometry questions. Mostly Disagrees - The ACT's the one for you! If you disagreed with most or all of the statements, you'll most likely prefer the ACT over the SAT. On the ACT, you'll never have to come up with your own answers to math problems, and you get to let your opinion shine in your writing. Equal Agrees and Disagrees - Either test will work! If you checked "Agree" and "Disagree" an equal number of times, either the ACT or SAT will suit you. Unless you decide to take both, I suggest taking official ACT and SAT practice tests (as described in #1 above) to see which test's format you're ultimately more comfortable with. Method 3: Consider Your State's Testing Requirements Lastly, don’t forget to find out whether your state has any specific testing requirements. Some states require all students to take the ACT or SAT. In these cases, it’s usually best to stick with whatever test is required for your state so that you don’t need to study for the other test, too. There are states that require the ACT: Alabama Hawaii Kentucky Mississippi Montana Nebraska Nevada North Carolina Utah Wisconsin Wyoming And there are 10 states/regions that require the SAT: Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Illinois Maine Michigan New Hampshire Rhode Island West Virginia What’s Next? Want more comparisons of the ACT and SAT?Check out our handy SAT vs ACT comparison charts, and get info onwhether the ACT is actually easier than the SAT. Not sure what scores to aim for? Read our step-by-step guides to learn how to set a goal score for the SATorACT. If you're a high achiever, why not go straight for a perfect 1600 on the SATor a full 36 on the ACT? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT and ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160+ points or your ACT score by 4+ points. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

The Preschool I Visited Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Preschool I Visited - Assignment Example Some came in rushing to say good morning while others took their time and politely waited for the others. At 9:05, the teacher called the attention of the children and asked them to go to their proper seats. They started the day with a short prayer led by one of the students. The attendance was checked through a welcoming song wherein names were being mentioned. After the teacher and students greeted each other, they moved on to the morning exercise. Together with a model student, the teacher led the stretching routine. The children obediently followed and performed the exercise drill. By 9:20, they formed a circle and the children took turns in briefly expressing themselves as to how they felt that day. Most of the children were eager to talk to the teacher reminded them that they had to wait for their turn. It proved to be a wonderful start since all of them concluded that they felt happy that morning. At 9:40, they arranged their chairs and the teacher started with the Science les son. The teacher talked about plants and their different parts. They then went outside and the children were asked to draw a plant that they have particularly observed. The kids were ecstatic while going out of the classroom and animatedly talked with each other about the plant that they want to draw. Their drawings were collected at 10: 25 and the teacher asked them to wash their hands for snack time. The children were very excited as they brought out their food. The teacher and volunteer parent went around and assisted the students in opening their snacks. Some of the children went out and played some games while the others contentedly chewed on their sandwiches. At 10:50, the children were asked to settle down and keep their food. Some of them did not go inside immediately so two girls told them to come inside the room. They were also requested to clean their area. Many of them promptly threw their trash.  

Twin Deficits Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Twin Deficits - Research Paper Example If people consumes more than their income, they either borrow funds or sell off a few of their properties. The individuals end up defaulting in paying what they had borrowed and thus encounter bankruptcy hence lower living standards. This applies to any nation with similar trend of expenditure (Efremidze, 2009). However, it remains clearly known that people tend to portray different life-cycle spending patterns. The young generation consumes more than their income, those of middle age tend to exercise net saving, and retirees go back to net consumption after they cease employment. Thus, it is vital to balance earnings and consumption in every time. However, there are a few shortcomings to the amount one can borrow if they will have the ideal opportunity of evading financial deterioration. If a lender observes that, the debtors have a more spending habit than their potential to refund the money, then it remains a high possibility that the creditor will charge increased charges to refl ect the raised threat related with that debt. The same is correct for a nation (Mankiw, 2012). The US Twin Deficit Experience Beginning from the 1980s (during the era of Reagan Administration), the US had high trade and budget deficits. The budget deficit had remained about $50 to $75 billion during the end of 1970s and increased to more than $200 billion in 1983. The current account or trade deficit remained about zero throughout the start of 1980s, however, went past $100 billion in 1985. A few scholars had the notion the huge trade deficits and budget deficits of the start of 1980s could cause greater interest proportions. Walter Heller argued that deficits would â€Å"send interest proportions hiking† whereas output on 30 month Treasury Bills dropped from 7.29% during February 1986 to 5.75% during February 1987. Outputs on 30 annual Treasury Bonds dropped from 8.93% during February 1986 to 7.54% in February 1987 whereas the budget deficit stayed about the same size and th e trade deficit rose marginally. The US experience on the twin deficit clearly tells which area of the deficit should receive keen and thorough study in order to curb or solve this problem wholly. The budget deficit is the challenge to address for the US since the trade deficit in the US will happen due to budget deficit (Mankiw, 2012). The US Government Budget Deficit Policy Choices The following policies if well addressed will aid deal with the challenge of budget deficit precisely and thus improve the living standards of the people of US. The three policies include: a. Support economic development and creation of jobs- a quick developing economy provides the win-win results of a huge proverbial economical tart to share, with greater employment and tax incomes, reduced safety net consumption and a reduced debt-to-GDP ratio. The advantages of this policy is that economic development provides a â€Å"win –win† situation for greater creation of jobs, which raises tax in come however, lowering security net expenses for such matters as lack of jobs compensation and food tramples. Various deficit suggestions associated to expenditure or income appears to take funds or gains from one constituency and offer it to others. A â€Å"win=lose scenario. Democrats normally campaign for Keynesian economics, which deals